April 2025

Recurring design logic across multiple unrelated systems is surprising in an evolutionary perspective, whereas on the hypothesis of design it is what might be reasonably predicted. Examples like this, therefore, suggest the existence of a master-architect behind biological systems — particularly when we find many different examples of design logic that are found recurrently throughout life.

By an unguided process of tinkering, it seems quite implausible that the genes would be appropriately arranged along the chromosome in a manner that corresponds to the timing of their expression. Not only must the necessary genes be organized into a hierarchical transcriptional cascade to ensure proper timing and coordination of assembly, but the specific order of the genes along their respective operons is also significant.